************************* SWEET SIXTEEN **************************

***** Sequencer program for PC/Windows and ATARI ST/TT/Falcon ****


COPYRIGHT NOTICE
This operating manual and the software described in it are copyrighted to
RONI MUSIC with all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
copied, reproduced transcribed, stored in a retrieval system or translated
into any human or computer language without prior written permission from
RONI MUSIC. The author and publisher make no warranty of any kind,
expressed or implied with the regard to this program or contents of this
manual. Whilst the author and publisher have taken every care in the
preparation of this product they shall not be liable for consequential or
incidental damages arising out of, or in connection with, the supplying,
performance or use of this program and manual.


*******************************************************************


HOW TO ORDER Sweet Sixteen

The full version of the program is $49.95 and 
includes a 50 pages printed manual.


RONI MUSIC
Nybogatan 21
S-212 32  Malmoe
SWEDEN

phone: int + 46-40494411


e-mail roni@mbox317.swipnet.se
Home Page URL http://home1.swipnet.se/~w-11396

If you live in England, please contact Hands On MIDI Software.

"Hands On" MIDI Software Ltd.
11 Warfield Avenue
Waterlooville
Hampshire PO7 7JN
ENGLAND
phone: (0705) 783100


SWEET SIXTEEN is also available for PC/Windows!

***********************************************


Don't miss these highlights in SWEET SIXTEEN!!!

* 24 tracks in each pattern.

* Graphic note editing.

* Auto Punch In/Out Recording.

* In "SONG MODE" you have an extra 24 tracks in pattern 17 which
is running in parallel alongside the arrangelist. Good for solos,
percussion tracks, volume/program changes etc.

* The "CYCLE RECORDING" function which jumps back without a glitch
and also automatically quantizes each round without interrupting
the musical time.

* The "TIME SIGNATURE" and "TEMPO" tracks which allows you record
real complicated music.

* The "EXTERNAL SYNC MODE" that lets you sync to external devices.
The superfast reading of Song Position Pointers (SPP) and the
"INTERPOLATION MIDI SYNC" which means you get full resolution in
external sync mode.

* The programs powerfull "MULTITASKING" which lets you do almost
anything while the sequencer is playing (and I don't mean cooking
food). 

* Superfast screen redrawings.

* Works on all ATARI computers including the TT and Falcon 030.

* Works in all screen resolutions.



**************************************************************

SWEET SIXTEEN DEMO MANUAL 


Complete version of SWEET SIXTEEN including a printed 50 sided
manual is $49.95.


Please contact:

RONI MUSIC
Nybogatan 21
S-212 32  Malm
Sweden

telephone int + 40494411


SWEET SIXTEEN is also available for PC/Windows.


** TABLE OF CONTENTS **

COPYRIGHT NOTICE 
ABOUT SWEET SIXTEEN 
INSTALLING 
MIDI SETUP 
MEMORY SETUP 
GENERAL HANDLING 
FIRST STEPS 
MIDI CONNECTIONS 
MAIN SCREEN 
STORING MIDI EVENTS 
THE BARCOUNTER 
THE TRANSPORT ICONS  
RECORDING MODES  
THE FIRST RECORDING  
ON THE RIGHT TRACK  
TRACK NUMBER  
MUTE  
TRANSPOSE  
LOOP  
DELAY  
COMPRESSION  
VELOCITY  
QUANTIZE  
CHANNEL  
SOLO  
SONGMODE  
PATTERN START BAR  
PATTERN NUMBER  
PATTERN NAME  
POSITION LENGTH  
POSITION TRACK MUTE  
POSITION TRANSPOSE  
PRE START  
DELETE/INSERT  
RE-CAP OF ARRANGE  
PATTERN     
RECORDING IN SONG MODE  
CYCLE RECORDING  
AUTO-PUNCH IN/OUT  
FILE HANDLING  
SAVE/LOAD SONG  
SAVE/LOAD PATTERN  
SAVE/LOAD TRACK  
STANDARD MIDI FILES  
AUTO LOAD  
CLEAR SONG  
ABOUT  
QUIT  
THE FUNCTIONS MENU  
COPY TRACK  
COPY PATTERN  
PUSH TRACK  
MODIFY TRACK  
DELETE EVENTS  
KEEP EVENTS  
TRANSFORM EVENTS  
THE EXTRA MENU  
CHECK TRACK  
CHECK NOTE OVERLAP  
CHANGE NOTE LENGTH  
FREEZE QUANTIZE  
FREEZE TRACKPARAM.  
MIXDOWN    TRACKS  
REMIX TRACK  
INSERT/DELETE MEASURES  
THE OPTIONS MENU  
OVERALL SETTINGS  
INPUT FILTER  
DISABLE TRANSPOSE  
MIDI CLICK  
THRU OFF CHANNEL  
REMAP CONTROLLER  
SWAP MOUSE BUTTONS  
MIDI/MEMORY SETUP  
QUANTIZE  
QUANTIZE SETTINGS  
TEMPO/TIME SIGNATURE  
EDIT TEMPO TRACK  
EDIT TIME SIGN. TRACK  
INTERNAL RECORDING  
FULL VOLUME  
NOTE PAD  
DEFAULT WINDOW SIZE  
THE FLAGS MENU  
CLICK ALWAYS  
MIDI CLICK  
ACTUAL POSITION  
CLOCK OUT  
RESET ON STOP  
CHASE EVENTS  
2 BAR COUNTIN  
MIDI EVENTS  
THE EVENT LIST  
THE EVENT EDITOR  
DISPLAY FILTER  
INSERTING EVENTS  
THE GRID EDITOR  
CONTROL DISPLAY  
SNAP / ZOOM  
MIDI STEP INPUT  
QUANTIZATION  
UNDO EDIT  
ACTUAL POSITION  
LEFT/RIGHT LIMIT  
SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE  
SYNCHRONIZATION  
THE MIXER  
UNDO  
KEY COMMANDS


COPYRIGHT NOTICE

This operating manual and the software described in it are
copyrighted to RONI MUSIC with all rights reserved. No part of
this publication may be copied, reproduced transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system or translated into any human or computer language
without prior written permission from RONI MUSIC. The author
and publisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied
with the regard to this program or contents of this manual. Whilst
the author and publisher have taken every care in the preparation of
this product they shall not be liable for consequential or incidental
damages arising out of, or in connection with, the supplying,
performance or use of this program and manual.


ABOUT SWEET SIXTEEN

SWEET SIXTEEN is a sequencer program that allows you to
record, edit and playback all types of MIDI events and store them to
disk. The resolution of the sequencer is 192 PPQN (ticks per quarter
note) and thanks to the multitasking capability you can use almost
every command while SWEET SIXTEEN is running.

You will need a PC-compatible computer, minimum 386SX, 16
Mhz, with at least 2 Megabytes of RAM and Windows 3.1 or later.
You will also need some kind of sound source, either a soundcard
with MIDI capabilities or a MIDI interface and an external
syntheziser.


INSTALLING
In order to run SWEET SIXTEEN you first have to install it onto
your harddisk using the installation program on the program disk.

Installing procedure:
1.Launch Windows.
2.Insert the floppy disk in Drive A or B.
3.From the Program Manager File menu, choose "RUN".
4.A dialog box will appear. In the "Command Line" field enter... 
A:INSTALL or B:INSTALL
5. The installation program on the floppy disk will run. Follow the
onscreen prompts to complete the installation.

If any changes have been made to the program, you will be
informed by a "Read me" text that will appear in a window at this
point.

The installation program creates a Program Manager group called
"SWEET SIXTEEN" and Program Manager items (icons) for the
SWEET SIXTEEN program and a couple of demo songs.

SWEET SIXTEEN is designed to run with the Multimedia
Extensions under Windows 3.1 which means you also have to make
sure you have installed a MIDI driver for the interface or soundcard
you are going to use (see the instructions for your interface).

To run SWEET SIXTEEN, double-click its icon in the Windows
Program Manager.


MIDI SETUP
When starting SWEET SIXTEEN for the first time you will be told
to set up your MIDI interface. Choose the MIDI/Memory Setup
Dialog from the Options menu.

Here you select which MIDI in and MIDI out ports you want use by
using the drop-down lists (combo boxes). All the MIDI ports that are
available on your system will appear in the list boxes along with a
"No device" choice. The Output port lists should also have an option
for the MIDI Mapper. See your Multimedia Extensions
documentation for details on using the MIDI Mapper. To make a
port selection, click on the arrow button on the right of the combo
box and a list of all available selections will appear. Click on the
selection that you want. The "No device" choice is useful for freeing
up a port so that it can be used by another application.


MEMORY SETUP (PC/WINDOWS only)
Since Windows is a multitasking environment, many programs may
share the available memory. SWEET SIXTEEN allocates the
requested memory amount when it starts. This may seem as a
drawback comparing other programs, but it makes the the
allocation of memory reliable and very fast.
In the MIDI/Memory Setup Dialog you choose the number of MIDI
events you will need. If you at any time are running out of memory
you will have to increase the number of MIDI events, save your
work and restart SWEET SIXTEEN. Try to avoid allocating more
memory than you really need since this will slow down the overall
performerance of your system (Windows).


GENERAL HANDLING

The main screen in SWEET SIXTEEN is made up out of three
boxes in a window. To the right the PATTERN BOX with the
sixteen tracks. To the left the ARRANGE BOX with the settings for
Song Mode and below, the CONTROL BOX with the transport
controlls and some global settings.
A word ICON is sometimes used for smaller boxes/symbols. You
can control SWEET SIXTEEN entirely with the mouse.

Here's an explanation of terms used for the mouse.

'MOUSE CLICK' OR 'CLICK'
Click the mouse button with the mouse cursor over the specified
event.

DOUBLE CLICK
As for single clicks but two clicks close together. Refer to the
Windows manual for information on adjusting the double click
speed.

CLICK AND DRAG
As for single clicks but hold down the LEFT mouse button and drag
the selected item to a new position on the screen.

SCROLL
'Left click' on the specified object and the value will INCREASE
one step, 'Right Click' and the value will DECREASE one step. If
you keep either button held down the value will start increase/decrease
as long as the button is held. This is called scrolling.
Adding the other button during scrolling will speed up the process.
NOTE: In the OVERALL SETTINGS feature you may swap the
function of the right and left Mouse Buttons. i.e. Right to
INCREASE and Left to DECREASE.

FIRST STEPS

This is a short introduction to SWEET SIXTEEN and it assumes
that you have a working knowledge of your PC.

MIDI CONNECTIONS
1. Connect the MIDI Out from your keyboard to the MIDI In of
your MIDI interface.
2. Connect the MIDI In of your keyboard to the MIDI Out of your
MIDI interface.
3. If you have an additional module, connect it's MIDI In to MIDI
Thru of your keyboard.
4. Set your synthesizer(s) to receive/transmit on your chosen MIDI
channels. If possible, set the synthesizer to Local Off which will
disconnect the keyboard from the sound source in your synthesizer
and thereby avoiding the voices being triggered twice. If you have
an old synthesizer without Local On/Off (e.g. an old DX-7), you
must disable the MIDI Thru function on the receive channel of your
synthesizer. Use MIDI Thru 'Off' in Overall Settings (See MENU
section).

Most manufacturers provide excellent diagrams and information
about setting up their particular equipment. Refer to your
synthesizer USER MANUAL as it will help you to get things right
first time.


RUNNING THE PROGRAM
Double click the SWEET SIXTEEN icon in the Program Manager.
You will see the main screen of SWEET SIXTEEN and in the right
half of the screen there is a big box called the Pattern Box.


MAIN SCREEN
The Pattern Box is divided into sixteen smaller sections, the sixteen
tracks. Clicking in the centre of a track allows you to select the
chosen track.
Every track has a MIDI channel (1- 16) displayed to the far right.
The events on a track will be sent on this channel and if it is the
selected track, this channel will be the MIDI Thru channel.
PLAY THE KEYBOARD! 
If you don't hear anything, check that your synthesizer is receiving
on this channel. If this is OK and you still don't hear anything,
check your MIDI connections.
STORING MIDI EVENTS
When a MIDI event arrives at the MIDI In port, it is stored in the
computers memory together with time information. To organize
messages that belong to each other they are stored together. We will
call this a "track". A track can hold any number of MIDI events, be
of any length and store MIDI events on one or several MIDI
channels.

To organize it further, we can record up to sixteen tracks. We can
now call this a "pattern". SWEET SIXTEEN has 17 patterns.
The first sixteen patterns can be assembled in any order and length
with the help of an "Arrangelist". One pattern might be the intro,
another the verse, a third a chorus and so on.

Pattern 17 has a special function. It will run in parallel alongside the
other patterns in the Arrangelist. This means that SWEET
SIXTEEN is actually a 32 track sequencer.

Now let's look at the Barcounter, how it is displayed and what it
means. In SWEET SIXTEEN all time and length indications are
displayed as follows:

THE FIRST COLUMN
Displays the bar number. The first bar is called BAR 1, the previous
bar, BAR 0 and the bar before that, BAR -1.

THE SECOND COLUMN
Displays the beats and the value shown depends on the meter. In 4/4
this column shows what quarter note is currently playing, in 7/8
what eighth note is currently playing.

THE THIRD COLUMN
Displays the division of the beat. All kinds of music have some kind
of subdivision of the beat (pulse). Musicians often call it
"GROOVE". In a 'JAZZGROOVE' every beat can be divided in
three parts (12 eight note triplets in 4/4). In a funk groove the beat
can be divided in four parts (16 sixteenth notes in 4/4) and a 'HIP
HOP' groove in six parts (24 sixteenth note triplets). In SWEET
SIXTEEN this subdivision of the beat is called the "GROOVE" and
is displayed to the right of the Time Signature value. The groove
value does not in any way affect the way the music sounds, only
how it is displayed.

THE FOURTH COLUMN
Displays the clockticks (clockpulses), the smallest time unit in
SWEET SIXTEEN. You can think of it as a subdivision of the third
column. If you choose groove value 16 there will be 48 clockticks
per sixteenth note. The number of clockticks per quarternote (PPQ
or PPQN) is usually used to indicate how precisely a sequencer is
able to reproduce a note ie. it's resolution. The PPQ value of SWEET
SIXTEEN is 192 which is a very high value.

THE BARCOUNTER IN USE
To the right in the "Control Box" you will see the "Main Bar
Counter". It gives the current song position in bars, beats,
subdivisions of the beat and clockticks (clockpulses). You can click
and scroll the value with the mouse, during PLAYBACK and
RECORDING. You may also use [+] and [-] on the computer
keypad.
You can store and recall four bar counter positions with the help of
the function keys [F1]...[F4]. Press [Shift] + [F1]...[F4] to store your
settings.

Below the "Main Bar Counter" there are boxes for the "Time
Signature" and the "Groove" value. If your song doesn't change
time signature you may enter the time signature here. But, if your
music DOES change time signature you will have to activate the
"Time Signature Box" in the Control Box, OR press [W].

To control the transportation SWEET SIXTEEN uses a number of
icons situated at the bottom of the screen: PLAY, STOP, CONT,
RECORD, FAST FORWARD and FAST REWIND. These controls
work in the same way as a normal tape recorder.

THE "PLAY" ICON
([0] ON THE NUMERICAL KEYBOARD).
This icon starts the playing of the sequencer. In "Pattern Mode" the
sequencer starts from bar 1 (1 1 1 1). In "Song Mode" the sequencer
starts from the beginning of the current arrange list position. In
"Cycle Mode" the sequencer starts from the left locator position.

THE "STOP" ICON 
([ENTER] ON THE NUMERICAL KEYBOARD).
This STOPS the sequencer. If the sequencer was in "Record Mode",
the recording is ended and the recorded data will be stored in the
current track. If the sequencer is already stopped, the "Main Bar
Counter" will be reset to BAR 1 (1 1 1 1). At the same time some
MIDI events like, All Notes Off, Reset Controller etc. will be sent
out provided the menu item "Flags / Reset On Stop" is ticked. (See
section on MENU).

THE "CONT" (PAUSE/CONTINUE) ICON
([ . ] ON THE NUMERICAL KEYBOARD).
If the sequencer is stopped it will start playing from the current
position of the "Main Bar Counter". If the sequencer is playing it
will stop. If the sequencer is in "Record Mode" it will remain in
record mode. This makes it possible to forward or rewind the
program (click the "Main Bar Counter", use the "Fast Forward" or
"Fast Rewind" icons or use the [+] or [-] buttons on the keyboard)
and then continue the recording with a new "Pause/Cont"
command.

RECORDING MODES
SWEET SIXTEEN has two different record modes, "Replace" and
"Overdub".

A left click on the "Record" icon ( [*] on the numerical keyboard)
starts a recording in "Replace Mode" (any previous recording on the
track will be deleted).
A right click on the "Record" icon ( [/] on the numerical keyboard)
starts a recording in "Overdub Mode" and any previous recording
on the track will be overdubbed (useful for creating drum tracks). A
one bar count-in begins, during which it is possible to start a
recording.
In "Pattern Mode" the recording will start from BAR 1 (1 1 1 1).
In "Song Mode" it will start from the start bar of the current
arrange list position.
In "Cycle Mode" the recording starts from the left locator position.

"Cycle Mode " is activated by 'clicking' on the CYCLE box, [C].
The music will, when it reaches the "Right Locator" position, jump
to the "Left Locator" position and continue playing or recording.

At any time you may toggle between record and play mode with the
"Spacebar" key or clicking the "Drop In/Out" icon. When entering
record mode this way, the notes played will be added to what is
already on the track (overdubbed). If you hold down the "Shift" key
while pressing the "Spacebar" key, the new recording will replace
the old one (replace mode).

THE "FAST FORWARD" AND "FAST
REWIND" ICONS
([+] and [-] ON THE NUMERICAL KEYBOARD).
This as its name suggests, Fast Forwards and Rewinds the main bar
counter.
THE FIRST RECORDING
Click on the "Record" icon and you will hear a ONE BAR count-in.
(If not, check the MIDI Click settings in Overall Settings). The one
bar count-in starts the recording.
 
Play something on your keyboard in time with the metronome.
When finished 'Click' on the "Stop" icon. The sequencer stops and
you'll see 'recorded' on the track. 'Click' on the "Play" icon and the
sequencer will start playing from bar one and you will hear what
you have just played.

If you don't hear anything, check the connections, the synthesizer
etc.
 
When all is satisfactory it is a good idea to 'Name' the newly
recorded track with its designated 'Voice'. If say you recorded a
piano track then make sure your recorded track is highlighted
(inverse video), press [ESC], type in "PIANO" then either press
[RETURN] or 'click' the OK box. Select another track and continue
in the same manner.

If you are not happy with a track, click and drag the track to the left
of the Pattern Box, release the button and it's deleted.

You may also start to re-record on a track without first deleting it.
This also deletes previous data.

DO SOME EXPERIMENTING
Now try to change some of the track parameters. A Loop value
other than zero will loop around the first beats according to the loop
value. Quantize will tighten up the music and you can set various
Transpose, Velocity and Delay values (see section on TRACK
EDIT).All the mentioned track parameters are playback parameters
i.e. they affect the music as it is played back without changing the
data in the memory.


ON THE RIGHT TRACK

We will now look more in detail how a track is organized and can
be 'Fine Tuned' after editing.

Every track has a number of parameters (values) that decide how the
MIDI events on the track will sound. Whenever a MIDI event
arrives at the MIDI-IN port it will also be sent to one of the MIDI-OUT
ports. This is called MIDI Thru and the current track parameters will
decide how it will sound.

It is possible to disable the MIDI Thru function. Click in the MIDI
Thru activity area down in the right corner of the screen.


The beauty of the trackparameters is that they are "non
destructive". This means that it is possible to change the values any
way you want and still be able to return to the original settings. This
is because the trackparameters do not change the events in memory
of the computer. The changes are made in "real time" when the
MIDI events are sent out to the MIDI output. This means you cannot
see the effect of the trackparameters in Edit Mode. To do so, (thus
making permanent changes) you have to 'FREEZE TRACK
PARAMETERS' in the EXTRA Menu. The exception is the
quantization which will be seen in the editors (it is still possible to
go back to the unquantized values). The corresponding function is
'FREEZE QUANTIZE' which will freeze the time position of the
events.

Since you have 24 tracks you will have to choose one of them.
Either Click the area where you name the track (between the
transpose and loop values) or press [Arrow up] / [Arrow down] to
choose your track. The chosen track area is displayed in inverse
video. Double clicking in the same area, or pressing [Esc], opens up
a dialogue box where you may enter a name for the track, then by
either pressing [RETURN] or 'clicking' the OK box the track is now
named. This is also the way to create a track without recording.

To copy, delete or merge a track, click on a track and drag it-:
1. To the left to erase it.
2. Over an occupied track to merge it.
3. To a blank track to copy it.

We will now look at all the parameters of a track.

TRACK NUMBER
To the far left you see the track number.

MUTE
The next column is the mute column. Clicking in this area mutes
the track. This area also shows small beams that imitates a
recording desks "level meters". The length of the beam corresponds
to the velocity value of the note. Mute does not affect the MIDI
Thru function.
TRANSPOSE
The next column is the transpose column. With this you can
transpose the track, plus or minus 64 semitones. Transpose affects
the MIDI Thru function.

LOOP
This column to the left of the track name area is the loop column.
A loop means that a part of a track, beginning from bar one of the
current pattern, will be repeated. The value expresses the length of
the loop in beats (depends on the time signature). If the value
entered is not evenly divisible with the beat-value of the current
time signature, an exclamation mark is shown. Loop does not affect
the MIDI Thru function.

DELAY
The next column is the (Del)ay column. This parameter moves all
events on a track forward or backward. The value is in clock ticks. A
positive value will play the events later (delay), a negative value
earlier (advance). This parameter is often used to compensate for the
difference in response time between different synthesizers. If you
move the track earlier, events that have a time position of 1 1 1 1 will
be moved before bar 1. This means you will not hear them (as Sweet
Sixteen ALWAYS starts from 1 1 1 1). You must therefore start the
current pattern somewhat earlier. In Song Mode you use the Pre
Start function. Delay does not affect the MIDI Thru function.

COMPRESSION
The next column is the (Comp)ression column. This parameter
affects the velocity value in such a way that the difference between
the high and low value is evened out. All velocity values are moved
towards 64, closer the higher compression value you choose.

A compression value of 4 will give all notes a velocity value very
near 64. Since notes with high velocity value are decreased, you
may have to increase the general velocity value. Compression affects
the MIDI Thru function.

VELOCITY
The (Vel)ocity value of a note depends on how hard or soft the key
was struck. The track parameter Velocity adds to or subtracts from
the velocity values the notes already have (the values you see in Edit
Mode). How it affects the sound depends on the sound of your
synthesizer. A positive value will usually give a louder and/or a
brighter sound and vice versa. Max velocity value is 127, Min
velocity 0. Velocity affects the MIDI Thru function.
QUANTIZE
The next column is the Quantize column. When you click on the
'QUA' and keep the button down you will see a "pop up" menu with
a number of numbered boxes. When you move the mouse (the
button still down) the different boxes become black (chosen value of
quantisation). When you release the button, the track will be
quantized according to the value in the box. If you choose "NO",
the track will be dequantized (return to it's original unquantized
value). If you release the button while the mouse pointer is outside
the "pop up" menu, no box is chosen and no action will be
performed. Quantize does not affect the MIDI Thru function.

CHANNEL
The last column is in fact two columns. The first to choose MIDI
port (A or B) and the second to choose MIDI channel. As well as the
digits 1-16 which shows on which MIDI Channel the Track will be
sent out on there is also the symbol "--". This shows that the Track
can be sent out on several MIDI Channels. This means you can have
more than one MIDI channel on each track. These settings affects
the MIDI Thru Function.

SOLO
If you click on the "Solo" icon, press [S], all the tracks except the
current will be silent. This simulates the solo function of a mixer in
a recording studio. You can switch tracks while in solo mode.


MORE PATTERNS
Choose another pattern and continue recording as before. When you
have recorded all the parts (patterns) of your song, it's time to
arrange them in the order you would like to hear them. To the left
of the Pattern Box you'll see another box, the ARRANGE BOX.
Here you can form your arrangement by arranging the order and
length of your patterns. Click on the "Song/Pattern Mode" icon in
the top of the Arrange Box to enter 'SONG MODE.



SONGMODE

To the left of the Pattern Box you will see another box called the
Arrange Box. Here you can arrange your patterns (1-16) and make
various settings that affect the playback of your song when in Song
Mode.

Clicking in the top of the Arrange Box switches between Song and
Pattern Mode,[A].

These parameters function in the same way as the track parameters
i.e. realtime parameters which do not change the MIDI events in
memory, they just affect the events passing out thru the MIDI port
to your sound source.
In Song Mode Pattern 17 runs parallel to the arrange list of Patterns
1-16.

The arrange box contains a list of 32 entries of which you can see 9
at a time. The current entry is the second from the top (displayed in
inverse video). The idea of the arrange list is, (after you have
recorded the different parts of the song: intro, verse, chorus, bridge
etc.), for you to arrange them in any desired order.

You scroll through the arrange list with the arrow icons in the
bottom of the Arrange Box, or press [Shift] + [Up Arrow]/[Down
Arrow]. If you 'Click' with the right mouse button, the Left and
Right Locators will be loaded with the start and end values of the
current arrange entry. You can also use the right window scrollbar
to scroll through the arrange list.

We will now explain the different settings for each entry in the
arrange list.

POSITION START BAR
The left column displays the starting bar for the arrange entry in
question. You can change this value by 'clicking' but you normally
do not have to since changing the length of the preceding arrange
entries automatically changes the start position of all subsequent
entries.

PATTERN NUMBER
The middle column displays the pattern number and by 'Clicking'
you can change this value. Possible settings are 1-16. Pattern 17 can
not be entered since it runs parallel to the arrange list.

POSITION NAME
The rightmost column is the name column. To enter a name, double
'click'. If you enter the name STOP the sequencer will stop when it
reaches this arrange entry.

Below the arrange list you will see a number of boxes. The settings
you make here apply to the current arrange list entry (the black one).
To enter values for a particular arrange list entry you will have to
make it the current one (the one you see displayed in inverse video).
POSITION LENGTH
Here you enter the length of the arrange list entry. It can be any
length so the same pattern may appear in different arrange entries
with different lengths. If you change the length of an arrange list
entry, the start position of all subsequent entries will change
accordingly.

POSITION TRACK MUTE
Between the Arrange Box and The Pattern Box there is a column
with an icon named M at the top and 24 small boxes displaying 1-24
underneath. Here you choose (by clicking any of the boxes) which
tracks should be temporarely muted in the current Arrange Entry. A
box displayed in inverse video indicates a muted track.

POSITION TRANSPOSE
Each entry in the arrange list may have a transpose value. With
value 0 the current pattern sounds the same as in Pattern Mode.
With another value the pattern will be transposed up or down. This
affects all tracks in a pattern (including the drum tracks). It is
therefore possible to disable the transposition of the MIDI channel
you use for the drums. "Overall Settings" in the OPTIONS MENU
contains facilities for just this, "Disable Transpose".

PRE START
With SWEET SIXTEEN you may record during the count in i.e.
before bar number one. This means, that if one of your patterns has
an upbeat, you begin to play during the count in. The upbeat will
then belong to the pattern. When you choose a pattern in the
arrange list this pattern will start to play from bar one of the
current arrange list entry. But, since your upbeat is before BAR 1,
you will not hear it. That's when Pre Start comes into the picture.
The Pre Start value you enter determines how much before BAR 1
the current arrange entry will begin. This also means that the
previous pattern/arrange entry will be shortened with the same
value.

Example 1
The chorus in a song starts with a sixteenth note upbeat. When the
program is in Pattern Mode and you press the Play icon, the music
starts from BAR 1. You will not hear the upbeat since it is before bar
1. Switch to Song Mode and enter a Pre Start value of one sixteenth
note (0 0 1 0) in all arrange list entries that contain this pattern.
This pattern will start playing a sixteenth note earlier and you will
hear the upbeat.

Example 2
Suppose you have, with the help of trackparameter Delay, speeded
up a "laid back" string sound with value -5. This track will play 5
clock ticks ahead of the other tracks. If the track has a note at 1 1 1 1,
it will be before BAR 1 at the pattern change. You must give this
arrange entry a Pre Start value of at least  0 0 0 5 (five clock ticks)
so the notes before BAR 1 will sound.

Example 3
When SWEET SIXTEEN changes from one arrange entry to
another, the program checks if any notes are still sounding. If so,
each note is switched off with a Note Off message. If the next
pattern/arrange entry starts with a lot of notes at bar 1, there will be
a lot of MIDI events to output at the same time. This will make
some synthesizers 'Hiccup' and either play the notes late or not at
all. If this is the case you can make the next arrange entry start a
little earlier by giving that arrange entry a Pre-Start value of 5-10
clockticks. This makes the previous entry end that much earlier and
stop any 'sounding' notes before sending out new ones.

DELETE
Click on the "Del(ete)" icon, [Delete], will delete the current arrange
entry and all the following arrange entries will be moved
accordingly.

INSERT
A click on the "Ins(ert)" icon, [Insert], will move all arrange entries
(from the current and on) a step forward. You can now enter new
values in the current entry.


A SMALL RE-CAP OF HOW TO ARRANGE
PATTERNS
Suppose your song starts with pattern 1 (an INTRO of 4 bars ).
Firstly enter PATTERN 1 in the first arrange entry with a length of
4 bars. In the next entry you may want to have PATTERN 2 (say a
verse of 8 bars ). PLUS, a Solo over the verse later in the song so
compose your PATTERN 2 to INCLUDE this Solo. Click on the
right arrow icon in the bottom of the Arrange Box to get the second
arrange entry to be the current one (the second arrange line from
the top and displayed in inverse video). Set this to PATTERN 2 with
a length of 8 bars. But, when this is played 1st time round you don't
want the solo to play so you MUTE this track by clicking one of the
small boxes displaying digits 1-24 between the Arrange Box and the
Pattern Box. This will mute the desired track in this ARRANGE
ENTRY ONLY. In the 3rd arrange entry you may want to have
PATTERN 3 say a Chorus of 8 bars. Repeat the above procedure. In
the 4th arrange entry you may want PATTERN 2 but this time you
want the SOLO track to play. You UN-MUTE this track by clicking
the small box where you 'Muted' the track before. You may also
transpose a whole pattern in an arrange entry. In the Overall
Settings (see MENU SECTION) you may disable the transposition
of the drum Track/Channel. This method of recording makes it so
easy to build up a whole song. For example:

YOU MAY HAVE:
PATTERN 1. (Intro)
PATTERN 2. (Verse inc. Solo)
PATTERN 3. (Chorus)
PATTERN 4. (ending)


YOU CAN NOW MAKE YOUR ARRANGE LIST TO READ-:
PATTERN 1. 4 bars
PATTERN 2. 8 bars  Solo track Muted
PATTERN 2. 8 bars  Solo track Muted
PATTERN 3. 8 bars
PATTERN 2. 8 bars  Solo track ON
PATTERN 3. 8 bars
PATTERN 3. 8 bars
PATTERN 4. 4 bars
Now you have INTRO - VERSE - VERSE - CHORUS - SOLO -
CHORUS - CHORUS - ENDING and have constructed a whole song
from just 4 PATTERNS.


PATTERN 17 - '24' NEW TRACKS
Pattern 17 has a special field of application. In Pattern Mode it works
exactly as the other 16 patterns. In Song Mode however, Pattern 17
cannot be part of the arrange list but runs parallel to it. This means
you have another 24 tracks to use.




Example 1
A solo starts of in one arrange entry, continues in the next and ends
in the third.

Example 2
A percussion track, with it's start in bar 1, plays a two bar rhythm
that is looped throughout the whole song.

Example 3
A track with all drum fills can be recorded in one shot while the
whole song is playing.

Example 4
A track with all program changes and volume (Controller 7) events.

The possibilities are endless. It is advisable to hold back on all
recordings in Pattern 17 until the structure of the song is finished. If
you change a pattern number, pattern length or transpose value in
the arrange list, you will probably have to change things in Pattern
17 as well (move a track forward/backward with Push Track or use
Delete/Insert Measures, transpose a part of a track with Modify
Track etc). Thus, as soon as you change from Pattern Mode to Song
Mode, PATTERN 17 is activated as a parallel pattern. Sometimes
you may not want to hear it: click on the "M" icon to the right of
the "Pattern/Song Mode" icon and Pattern 17 will be muted.

If you choose Pattern 17, this will be the current pattern until you
choose another one. In the arrange list you can see what other
pattern is playing. In Song Mode, recording in pattern 17 will start
from the first bar of the current arrange list entry.



RECORDING IN SONG
MODE

Recording in Song Mode works in the same way as in Pattern Mode.
If you have anything recorded in Pattern 17, recording in Song
Mode is necessary. This is the only way to be able to listen to both
Pattern 17 and the current pattern in the arrange list.

If you choose Pattern 17, recording will take place there. Otherwise
recording will take place in the pattern of the current arrange entry.

As always, it is possible to record during the count in. However, even
if the arrange list jumps to the next entry, recording will still only
take place in the pattern where it began (you can only record in one
pattern at the time). If you want to record something that stretches
over more than one pattern/arrange entry, this must take place in
pattern 17.

Cycle Recording is also possible in Song Mode. If you enter values
that are beyond the current arrange list entry, you will get a
warning. If you still want to proceed, you can do so.



CYCLE RECORDING

With the help of the Left and Right Locators, you can enter two
positions that the program will cycle between. When the right
position is reached, the sequencer jumps back to the left locator
position without leaving the recording mode. In every operation of
the cycle, any notes played will be added to existing notes and
therefore can be called "OVERDUB RECORD".

If you enter a quantize value, the quantization will be executed after
each round without interrupting the timing of the music. This is
real multitasking!
Whilst recording you may, by pressing [B], erase each overdub,
beginning with the last one recorded. SWEET SIXTEEN
distinguishes between the different rounds by assigning each round
to a different MIDI channel. Track parameter Channel will still
decide what MIDI channel it will be assigned to. This makes it easy,
after the recording is finished, to delete a round with the Keep/Delete
functions.

Whilst not in Cycle Mode, recordings will always start from the
start-bar of the current arrange entry. If you want to start the
recording from another position, you can activate Cycle Mode and
enter the position from where you want the recording to start from
into the left locator. The right locator can have a smaller value (or a
much larger) so the program doesn't instantly jump back to the left
locator position.


AUTO-PUNCH IN/OUT

Clicking the Punch button, [P], will make SWEET SIXTEEN enter
record mode at the Left locator position and drop out of record
mode at the Right locator position. The section of the track between
the two positions will be erased (replace mode).
Pressing the "Spacebar" key or 'clicking' the "Drop In/Out" icon,
will toggle between record and play mode (also when stopped).
When entering record mode this way, the notes played will be added
to what is already on the track (overdubbed). If you hold down the
"Shift" key while pressing the "Spacebar" key, the new recording
will replace the old one.









Don't forget that you can store and recall four locator positions with
the help of the function keys [F5]...F[8].

Before you turn off the computer, save your song (don't save
anything on your program disk). There is a separate section on
Saving/Loading discs but for now, activate the FILE menu. From
the Drop-Down menus select SAVE SONG. When the file-box
appears give the song a name and 'click' OK. Your song is now
saved to disc.

Did you play any wrong notes? SWEET SIXTEEN has a lot of very
powerful functions to edit, process and modify your music. These
will be explained in the EDIT section but before we look at this
section, lets run through the different Menus so you will be able to
see the capabilities of SWEET SIXTEEN. Here we go!

FILE HANDLING

Your recordings in SWEET SIXTEEN may be saved to disk in a
number of ways. 

SAVE SONG
The usual way and the way you will use in most cases is called
'SAVE SONG'. This saves the entire content of the program i.e.
ALL TRACKS IN ALL PATTERNS, THE ARRANGE LIST
AND ALL GLOBAL SETTINGS, keycommand [Ctrl] + [S].

LOAD SONG
With Load Song everything is loaded back into the program  and
the old song is erased,
keycommand [Ctrl] + [O].

SAVE PATTERN
This saves the current pattern to disk.

SAVE TRACK
Saves the current track.

LOAD PATTERN / LOAD TRACK
These are the corresponding functions for getting the data back
into the program. These functions allow you to use sections of a
song in other songs.

FILE NAME
A file name may consists of a name of up to eight characters
followed by a three character extension that shows the filetype (the
extension is added by the program). The possible extensions are:
SNG (songfile), PAT (pattern file), TRK (track file) and MID
(Standard MIDI File).

STANDARD MIDI FILES (SMF's)
These are created to enable the transfer of music between different
manufacturers Keyboards and sound modules. SMF's have been
developed in two main formats known as Format 0, and 1. Format
0 contains one track, multiple channels and Format 1 several
tracks, each track to its own MIDI Channel.

In SWEET SIXTEEN you may save the current pattern as a SMF.
If the pattern contains only one track, it will be saved as Format 0,
else as Format 1. To save a whole song containing several patterns
as a SMF, see section on INTERNAL RECORDING.


By saving a file with the name DEFAULT.SNG, this file will be
automatically loaded every time the program is booted. This way
you can import your favourite settings, e.g MIDI Click Channel,
Input Filter, Disable Transpose etc, automatically into the program.
DEFAULT.SNG must be in the same directory as SWEET
SIXTEEN.

In the File menu you'll will also find more functions.

CLEAR SONG
Clears all data in SWEET SIXTEEN and resets all settings, 
keycommand [Ctrl] + [N].

ABOUT
Displays copyright info etc. and the number of free MIDI events.

QUIT
Ends the program, keycommand [Ctrl] + [Q].



THE FUNCTIONS MENU

The Functions menu holds a number of functions for copying and
processing events on a track.

COPY TRACK
This function displays a dialogue box which let you copy a track to
another, keycommand [Shift] + [C]. If the destination track is
occupied, the two tracks will be merged. You may also, by
choosing "Copy Part" (entering the desired positions in the
locators) to copy a part of a track to another track. "Extract" will
move a part of track to another track.

COPY PATTERN
This function displays a dialogue box which let you copy a whole
pattern to another. The destination pattern must be empty,
keycommand [Shift] + [Y].

PUSH TRACK
With this function you may shift the time positions of the events
on a track forward or backwards, keycommand [Shift] + [P]. Enter
the desired value in the barcounter and choose the direction you
require it to be moved.

MODIFY TRACK
All the trackparameters except delay are represented on the
"Modify Track" window. Here you do permanent changes to a
track. The changes you can do are as follows:

CHANNEL  1-16 OFF/ON
Provided the Icon is 'ON' this changes all MIDI events on the
current track to the chosen Channel Number.

TRANSPOSE  -64 to +64  OFF/ON
Transposes part or whole of a track by the chosen amount.

VELOCITY  -99 to +127  OFF/ON
Adds or subtracts the chosen value to the existing note velocities
on the current track.

COMPRESS  0 to +4  OFF/ON
Compresses wide variations in velocity values. See section on
Track Parameters.

QUANTIZE  NO,4,6,8,12,16,24,32,48  OFF/ON
Quantizes to the chosen value.

In all the above cases when the "OFF" is indicated, the function is
disabled. Likewise when you 'Click' the "ON" icon, this means the
function is activated. The main use of this function is when you
want to alter just part of a track by activating "Part Modify". For
example, you may quantize a part of track, transpose just four
bars of a 16 bar track etc. Use Keycommand [M].



DELETE EVENTS
With this function you determine a number of conditions for the
MIDI events you want to delete. You are able to specify what type
of events will be deleted.
These are: All Events, Note, P-Press, Control, Program, C-Press,
Pitchwheel and SysEx. You may also choose on which MIDI
channel(s) to work on, e.g. 3-3 means ONLY Channel 3. 4-7 means
4 to 7 inc.
Also between which notes, (e.g. C2 - D3). Not least of all, between
specified velocity ranges. If the MIDI events you want to delete are
notes, you may in the Note Length box, specify to delete only
notes that are longer or shorter than a given value. Click on the
text above the digits to choose the condition. You may also limit
the processing to a specified section of the track by activating
"Part Delete". Events that do not match the conditions will be left
untouched.


EXAMPLE: You have recorded a Pianotrack on Channel 3 with
both the left and the right hand. You now want to remove the left
hand (Bass notes). Enter "Edit Mode" and you find that the highest
bassnote is C3. Enter the "Delete Event" function and set up these
conditions:


You have now chosen all notes between C-2 and C3 of MIDI
Channel 3. Click "OK" and the notes are deleted. Clicking "DO
IT" carries out the command but the window stays on the screen
for further editing.


KEEP EVENTS
"Keep Events" works as "Delete Events" except that the conditions
states what should be left on the track. Keycommand [K].

TRANSFORM EVENTS
With this function you may process and transform events in a
number of ways. As in "Delete/Keep Events", you determine a
number of conditions for the MIDI events you want to change.
Keycommand [H]. In the bottom of the window you'll see a
smaller box titled "Result". The MIDI events chosen will here be
transformed according to the dialogue in this box. First you select
what type of MIDI events you want to transform. Then select
which MIDI Channel(s) you want to process, box -1- indicates the
actual notes and box -2- the velocity.



The lower boxes have the title "Process Result". Here you may
specify the results from column -1- and -2-. A plus sign means you
will add the value to the result, a minus sign that you will subtract
the value and a percentage sign means you will make a percentage
change. 100 % will leave the result unaffected, a value less than
100% will decrease the result and a more than 100% will increase
the result. 130% is equal to a multiplication by 1.3 and 50% is a
multiplication by 0.5.

EXAMPLE
You have imported a MIDI file from a friend. Your synthesizer is a
ROLAND JV-80 and your friend has another make of keyboard.
The drums will probably sound different. What you need is to
change the note numbers on the drumtracks. Say your friends
Bassdrum is A0 and the drum Channel is say Channel 5. Your
JV-80 (and all GM/GS sound sources) drums are on CHANNEL
10 and a Bassdrum is C1. Enter "Transform Events" and make up
the conditions like this:
EVENT = NOTE
CHANNEL = 5 - 5
-1- = A0 - A0
-2- = 1 - 127

You have now chosen all A0 notes on MIDI chanel 5 no matter the
velocity value.
In the "Result Box" enter the following values:
EVENT = NOTE
CHANNEL = 10
-1- = -1-
-2-  -2-

In the "Process Result Box":
-1- = +3
-2- = 0

You have now chosen all A0 notes on MIDI Channel 5 and you
have told SWEET SIXTEEN to add 3 to note A0 and to change the
MIDI channel to channel 10.
THE EXTRA MENU

The Extra menu holds additional functions for manipulating
events on a track.

CHECK TRACK
This function "cleans up" the current track in the following ways:
1. Inserts missing Note Offs.
2. Deletes Note Offs that don't belong to any Note On.
3. Deletes duplicated events.
Use this function when a track does not sound as it should, for
instance after a Cycle Recording, keycommand [X].

CHECK NOTE OVERLAP
If your synthesizer is running short of voices, use this function to
prevent notes from overlapping. The function recognizes chords
but in order to recognize chords on a unquantized track, quantize
the track temporarily. Keycommand [O].

CHANGE NOTE LENGTH
This function will change the length of the notes on the current
track. You are able to:
1. ADD OR SUBTRACT A VALUE
2. STATE A MINIMUM
3. STATE A MAXIMUM
4. INSERT A FIXED VALUE
5. LIMIT THE CHANGE TO A SECTION OF A TRACK.
Keycommand [Shift] + [L].

FREEZE QUANTIZE
Sometimes you may need to "freeze" your quantization. If you
have quantized different sections of track to different values (with
"Modify Track" or note by note in an editor), a dequantization will
destroy your work. The 'freeze' function "burns" your
quantisation into the events and makes it impossible to return to
their original value. Another use is when using the "Swing Factor"
in "Quantize Settings". If the notes are played rather sloppily you
must first quantize without any "swing", then "freeze" the
quantize value and quantize again, this time with your desired
"swing factor". Keycommand [F].

FREEZE TRACKPARAMETERS
This function transforms the track parameter settings to the events
in a track. If say on the MAIN SCREEN you have transposed one
or more tracks, changed velocity values of any or all of the tracks,
these changes only affect the PLAYBACK sound and are not
embedded permanently into the track. By using FREEZE TRACK
PARAMETERS your changes will permanently alter the track
events in the current Track. The MAIN SCREEN parameter
values will be reset to zero and you will now be able to see the
result in the editors. The music will of course sound NO
DIFFERENT to before 'Freezing'. Keycommand [Shift] + [F].

MIXDOWN 24 TRACKS
This function merges all tracks in a pattern into one track
(FORMAT 0). Keycommand [Shift] + [M].

REMIX TRACK
This function extracts events according to their MIDI channels and
moves them to new tracks, one for each MIDI channel (FORMAT
1). Keycommand [Shift] + [R].


Regarding the next two functions, you can choose to work on
ONE or ALL tracks in a pattern.

INSERT MEASURES
This function inserts blank bars between the left and right
locators. Events at the right locator position and after are moved
further to the right to accommodate the new bar(s). Keycommand
[Shift] + [I].

DELETE MEASURES
This function erases all events between the locators and moves all
events lying beyond the right locator to the left locator position.
Keycommand [Shift] + [D].

It is also possible to use "Insert Measures" and "Delete Measures"
inside the Tempo Track and Time Signature Track editors. This
will affect those tracks only.



THE OPTIONS MENU

OVERALL SETTINGS
With Overall Settings in the "Options" menu, keycommand [V],
you can change settings that will affect the program globally.


INPUT FILTER
Here you can filter out MIDI messages that you don't want
recorded or sent out via MIDI Thru. If your synthesizer does not
respond to aftertouch (channel and polyphonic pressure) it makes
sense to filter them out.
Some synthesizers (e.g. Roland) send out an All Note Off message
every time you stop playing a key. Filter it out by choosing All
Note Off in the bottom of the Input Filter Box.

DISABLE TRANSPOSE
Here you can disable the arrange list TRANSPOSE function on
the MIDI channels you use for drum sounds.

MIDI CLICK
Here you choose:
1. MIDI output port, A or B.
2. MIDI channel.
3. Note number.
4. Velocity for the metronome click.

MIDI THRU OFF CHANNEL
If your synthesizer does not have a Local On/Off function, you
may disable the MIDI Thru function on a desired channel.

REMAP CONTROLLER
Here you may choose to remap an incoming CONTROL message
to a different one. With Control 7 (Volume) you can perform a
tasteful fade-out of your music. If your synthesizer does not send
out this Control Number, re-map the Modulation Wheel (Control
1) to Volume and you have a nice real time mixer function (if in
Record Mode it will be recorded). Click on the "Remap" icon to
activate.

LEFT/RIGHT BUTTON INCREASE/DECREASE
Normally a click on the left mouse button will INCREASE the
value but by 'clicking' on the word "LEFT" it changes to
"RIGHT" and the right button now INCREASES and the left
button DECREASES.


MIDI/MEMORY SETUP (PC/Windows only)

MIDI SETUP
Here you select which MIDI in and MIDI out ports you want use
by using the drop-down lists (combo boxes). All the MIDI ports
that are available on your system will appear in the list boxes
along with a "No device" choice. The Output port lists should also
have an option for the MIDI Mapper. See your Multimedia
Extensions documentation for details on using the MIDI Mapper.

To make a port selection, click on the arrow button to the right of
the combo box and a list of all available selections will appear.
Click on the selection that you want. The "No device" choice is
useful for freeing up a port so that it can be used by another
application.

GENERAL MIDI SOUND SET
When using the Mixer you can choose to see the program settings
either as a number or as an instrument name.

Select the MIDI channels, by using the drop-down lists, where you
want the instrument names to be shown. The instrument names
are General MIDI Setup names and can not be changed.


MEMORY SETUP
Since Windows is a multitasking environment you also have to tell
SWEET SIXTEEN how much memory it shall use. The less
amount you allocate the more there will be left for other
application you may want to run simultanesly.

Here you choose the number of MIDI events you will need. If you
at any time are running out of memory you will have to increase
the number of MIDI events, save your work and restart SWEET
SIXTEEN. Try to avoid allocating more memory than you really
need since this will slow down the overall performerance of your
system (Windows).

TIMER RESOLUTION
The Timer Resolution Setting determines how fast a timer
interrupt SWEET SIXTEEN uses. The smaller the setting, the
faster the interrupt rate. The range possible is between 1 and 20.
Normally you don't have to change this setting. But if your
computer is a slow 286 or 386 and the timing of the music is not
tight, you may select a setting greater than 10. If your computer is
a fast 486 or higher, you may select a a setting less than 5. Faster
interrupt rates will cause the computer to do more work, and
therefor screen updates etc. might become slower. This is also true
if you run other programs at the same time. 

QUANTIZE
Quantize means that MIDI events are moved to a new position
determined by the divisions of the beat and time signature. The
Quantize value denotes how many parts a 4/4 bar can be split up
into. When quantizing, the events are moved to the closest part.
With the value 8 the events will be moved to the closest 1/8 note,
value 12 to the closest 1/8 note triplet, value 16, to the closest 1/16
note etc. In SWEET SIXTEEN only the note positions are affected
and do not affect the actual sound of the music. The length of the
notes will remain unaltered.


QUANTIZE SETTINGS
In the "Options" menu you will find "Quantize Settings" where
you can choose different ways of quantizing. The settings you
make here are global settings which affect all parts of the program
where quantizing is possible. Changing a setting does not change
recordings already made.


TIGHT QUANTIZE
The notes will be moved exactly to the closest position.

SMART QUANTIZE
With this enabled, you can effect polyrhythmic quantization.
Quantize value 16 will quantize to 1/16 and 1/8 triplets (16/12),
value 12 to 1/8 triplets (12/8) etc. "Smart Quantize" also analyses
the timing characteristics of the music and quantizes the notes
correctly even if the music is played behind or ahead of the beat.
QUANTIZE STRENGTH
The value determines how much a note will be moved expressed
as a percentage. 100% will move the note all the way to closest
quantization step, 50% half the way and 10% a very small amount.
This way you can "tighten up" your music by varying amounts to
keep a human feel.

SWING FACTOR
Another way to keep the human feel is to add some "swing" to the
music while quantizing. The settings here are -90% to 100%.
Straight "grooves" like 8,16 etc. will, with a positive setting,
approach 12,24 "grooves". In notes,                  will approach          
                                 . "Grooves" that already have a
"swing feel" (12,24) will, with a negative setting, be more
straight (approach 8,16 etc.)




TEMPO AND TIME SIGNATURE
Besides the ordinary tracks, SWEET SIXTEEN has two special
tracks, the "Tempo Track" and the "Time Signature Track". You
enter the tempo and time signature screens by 'Clicking' on the
relative window in the MENU Option. Any changes in these
screens will be valid for the whole song. If you, at any point, need
to change the tempo or the time signature you will have to activate
the "Tempo Track" and/or the "Time Signature Track" icons in
the Main Screen. Click the "Tempo T" icon, or press [T] and/or
the "Time S" icon, press [W].

EDIT TEMPO TRACK
To edit the "Tempo Track", choose "Edit Tempo Track" from the
Options menu,  keycommand [Shift] + [T]. You can now insert
and delete Tempo change events, change the tempo value and
position of the events.

In the upper right corner of the "Tempo Track Editor" you will see
the "Process" icon. Clicking this icon will opens a dialogue box. In
the upper area you can enter a percentage value which will
increment or decrement all tempo events on the "Tempo Track".
An easy way to change the tempo of a song in one shot.

The lower area has a function that makes it possible to program
accelerando and ritardando. Do like this: In the Tempo Editor,
insert tempo events into the bars in question (click on the
"OTHER" icon or press [Shift] + [Insert]). Start with an event on
every eighth note (the tempo of the event doesn't matter). Enter
the "PROCESS TEMPO TRACK" function. Enter values at "Start
Tempo" and "End Tempo" and in the barcounters, enter the start
and end bars. Click "OK" and listen. If the tempo changes aren't
smooth enough, enter more Tempo Events between the existing
ones and repeat the procedure.



EDIT TIME SIGNATURE TRACK
To edit the "Time Signature Track", choose "Edit Time Signature
Track" from the Options menu, keycommand [Shift] + [W]. This
editor works in the same way as the "Event Editor". You can insert
and delete values to change the time signature and position of the
changes (ideal for inserting an occasional 2/4 bar in a mainly 4/4
song ).

The values you enter in these editors apply to the whole song, and
not to just a single pattern. This also means that the position
values are actual position values (see the explanation of "Actual
Position" in the "Flags" menu section).
INTERNAL RECORDING
In the Options menu you'll find 'Internal Recording'. With this
activated SWEET SIXTEEN will record all MIDI events that are
sent out via MIDI Out. Choose channel A1-A16 or B1-B16.
An explanation: When saving MIDI files, only the current pattern
is saved. If you have a song spread out over several patterns and
arrange positions (and you most probably have), it would be nice to
have all your song in One Single Pattern. To enable you to do this,
USE INTERNAL RECORDING. The way of doing this is as
follows:
Activate 'Internal Recording' by 'Clicking' on the icon, choose an
empty track in pattern 17 and start recording. All MIDI events will
now be recorded into this track. When the recording is finished
you can use the Remix Track function to separate the MIDI
channels to individual tracks. Pattern 17 now contains the whole
song and you can save this as a MIDI FILE. If you use port B
(channel B1-B16), activate 'Internal Recording' for these channels
and repeat the procedure. This is a lot quicker than cutting, pasting
and copying the music. It also automatically "FREEZES" the
track parameters like loop, transpose etc. These will normally not
be saved to a MIDI file since they are playback parameters.

FULL VOLUME
Sends out a full volume message (controller 7) on all MIDI
channels.

SYNCHRONIZATION
Lets you choose between Internal Sync (SWEET SIXTEEN is the
master) and MIDI Sync (SWEET SIXTEEN is slaved to an
external device). See section about synchronization.

NOTE PAD
Here you can make notes about your song. The notepad is saved
together with your song.

DEFAULT WINDOW SIZE
If you have changed the size of the main window this functions
resizes the window to its default size.


THE FLAGS MENU

All items in this menu are either ON or OFF. If there is no 'Tick
against the flag it is OFF.
To switch it on just 'Click' the mouse button. You immediately
leave the menu but on re-entering you will see it 'Ticked' meaning
ON. Similarly if the flag is ON (ticked) by 'Clicking the mouse it
will be 'Unticked' i.e. OFF.

CLICK ALWAYS
Click Always means that the metronome is activated in
PLAYBACK and RECORD.
MIDI CLICK
MIDI Click means that the metronome is sent out via MIDI.
(Choose a suitable click note, port etc in Overall Settings).

ACTUAL POSITION
When SWEET SIXTEEN is in Song Mode and you activate Actual
Position, the time positions will be shown relative to the beginning
of the arrange list. When Actual Position is off, time positions are
shown relative to the start of the current pattern.

Example: You have a pattern where the first note starts at 1 1 1 1. If
the pattern is placed in an arrange list entry that starts at bar 33
(33 1 1 1), and 'Actual Position' is activated, the time position of
the event will be DISPLAYED as 33 1 1 1. Otherwise it will be
displayed as 1 1 1 1.

CLOCK OUT
If Clock Out is activated, SWEET SIXTEEN will send out MIDI
Clock, Start, Stop and Continue messages at port A. This allows
you to synchronise SWEET SIXTEEN to other MIDI equipment.
Read more in the chapter about synchronization.

RESET ON STOP
If this is activated, SWEET SIXTEEN automatically resets Pitch
Bend, Modulation and Aftertouch for all tracks. It also sends out
Sustain Off and All Notes Off messages. When this is turned on,
it might reset things you don't want to be reset. In most cases you
don't need it activated since SWEET SIXTEEN keeps track of
which notes that needs to be turned off and if the sustain pedal is
down.

CHASE EVENTS
With this item ticked SWEET SIXTEEN will "look backwards"
on every track to detect and transmit the nearest Program Change
message, Volume message (control change 7), Pan message (conrol
change 10), Reverb message (control change 91) and Chorus
message (contol change 93). This ensures that you will always have
the right settings for each MIDI channel (instrument).

2 BAR COUNT IN
With this item ticked you will get a two bar count-in.

MIDI EVENTS

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a universal
standard that has existed since 1983. It's a serial interface,
i.e. all events are transferred after each other. Every event
consists of at least one STATUS BYTE telling us what type of
event it is. Some events have an extra DATA BYTE, some have
two extra data bytes and SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE has any number of
data bytes.

Since data transferral is serial, when you hit a chord on your
keyboard, it's actually a very fast arpeggio. This is also the way a
computer works. A computer can only do one thing at any given
moment but it does it extremely fast, so to us it appears as many
things happens simultaneously.
 
All the following events have a STATUS BYTE. This tells us what
type of event it is and what channel number it has. The channel
number is between 1 and 16 and a synth can "listen" to one of
those channels (OMNI MODE OFF) or all channels (OMNI MODE
ON).

NOTE ON EVENTS
These have two data bytes. The first data byte is the note number
and the second data byte how hard (fast) it was struck (velocity
value).

NOTE OFF EVENTS
These have two data bytes. The first data byte is the note number
and the second how fast the key was released. NOTE ON with a
velocity of zero is also interpreted as NOTE OFF.

PROGRAM CHANGE
Has one data byte. The data byte holds the program number.

PITCH WHEEL EVENTS
Have two data bytes where the first one is seldom used and can be
disregarded BUT the second byte holds value between 0 - 127. 64
is no bend, 0 is maximum downward bend and 127 is Maximum
upward bend.

CHANNEL AFTERTOUCH EVENTS
Have one data byte for the amount.

POLY AFTERTOUCH EVENTS
Have two data bytes, one for the note number and one for the
amount. If your keyboard sends aftertouch, check if the sound you
use responds to it. If not, it is advisable not to record them, i.e.
filter them out (use the Input Filter in Overall Settings).
CONTROLLER EVENTS
Have two data bytes. The first indicates the control number and
the second the value.

SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE
Has any number of data bytes and end with a special status byte
called EOX (End Of Exclusive)

TEXT EVENTS
Has any number of data bytes.


THE EVENT LIST

In any of the edit modes you will see at least one line of numerical
values. This is called the event list and displays every MIDI events
on a track with their exact time position. All the values are
editable by 'clicking' on the event.



The extreme left column displays the time position of the event. If
the track is quantized, the effect on the time position will be seen
here.

The next column shows what type of MIDI event it is.

The next column shows the MIDI channel of the event (if
applicable). This Channel indicator is overridden by the channel
chosen in the Main Screen. I.E. If the chosen channel is Channel 5
but in the MAIN SCREEN Track/Channel 5 is changed to say 2,
then all notes on Channel five will be heard in the Voicepatch
chosen for Channel 2. When symbol "--" is displayed on the
MAIN SCREEN it means that:
1.  Events are sent out on their correct channel.
2. There may be events on several channels ALL ON THE SAME
TRACK (ie. Format 0).

The next two columns are for the first and second data byte (see
explanation in section about MIDI events).

The right most column displays either the length of a note or
information on other types of events.
THE EVENT EDITOR

To enter the Event Editor, 'Click' the "EVENT" button or press
[E]. To the right of the event list you will find buttons that control
the editor.
The buttons with the UP/DOWN arrows will move the event list
cursor forward or backward in the event list. Clicking and holding
will give continuous scrolling.

A 'click' on the "CUE" button between the arrows, keycommand
[P], starts the sequencer playback from the current cursor position.

To allow editing to take place during playback the display will
'Freeze' as soon as you 'click' on an event in the display, or 'click'
on the arrow buttons. Clicking the "UNLOCK" button or pressing
[U] will reactivate the display scrolling.

DISPLAY FILTER
With the six small buttons above the arrow buttons, events can be
hidden from the display. A mouse 'click' to depress a button
indicates that the event type will be visible and a normal button
means that it will be hidden from view.
"on"  =  Note on
"off" =  Note off
"prg" =  Program Change
"ctr" =  Control Change
"pw" =  Pitch Wheel
"aft" =  Aftertouch

Be assured that hidden events are still played back and transmitted
over MIDI.

INSERTING EVENTS
A 'click' on the "Insert Note" button will insert a note at the
current event time position, [Insert].

Clicking the "Insert Other" button will insert a none-note event,
[Shift] + [Insert].

Clicking the "Change Event" button will change the status of a
none-note event to another none-note event. It will also change a
"real" note off to a note on with velocity 0 or vice versa.

Clicking the "Delete" button will delete the cursored event,
[Delete].

You may also insert and edit System Exclusive and Text events.
'Right click' in the name area of the current event and a dialog
box is shown. Now alter the new values and press OK. It is not
possibile to alter long messages.



THE GRID EDITOR

Clicking the "Grid" button, press [G], enters the Grid Editor where
you will see the music as a "Piano Roll". The notes are displayed
as vertical bars on top of a number of horizontal lines. This area is
called the "grid". The solid lines are barlines, the bigger dotted
lines represents the beat and the smaller dotted lines the division
of the beat (the groove value).


When the sequencer is running, you will see a horizontal line is
moving down the grid. This line shows which bar is currently
playing.

Above the grid you will see a keyboard. When you move the
mouse, a "dot" on the keyboard follows the movement of the
mouse.

If you 'left click' on a bar and hold it down, a shadow/ghost beam
appears and the mouse pointer alters shape to a hand. You have
now caught a note and can move it to a new place.

Dragging it up or down will move it backwards or forwards in
time (see the bar counter above the keyboard to see your precise
position). Moving it left or right will transpose it.
 
If you want to move it before or after the bars you see at the
moment, move the mouse pointer above or below the grid. This
will scroll the display. Release the button when you reach the
desired position and the note will be moved. The same applies for
transposing notes.

You may also select several notes . 'Left click' outside a bar and
keep the button down. You may now, with the rubber band, select
many notes. A 'click' on a deselected note, selects this and
deselects all other notes. Holding the shift button down while
selecting, keeps the selected notes selected.

With the left mouse button you may now move all selected notes.
Adding the alternate key copies the selected notes.

A 'right click' on the bar will change the mouse pointer into a
pointing finger. You may now change the length of the note.
Adding the alternate key, copies this new length to all selected
notes.

A 'right click' on the grid will insert a note with the same velocity
and length as the previous note that was 'clicked'. This 'INSERT'
can be at any position on the grid so it is possible to insert an
entirely different note and a new timeposition.


CONTROL DISPLAY
To the right of the grid is the Control Display. You will here see
the velocity for each note. With the left button you may alter the
velocity value. The right button lets you "inspect" the value of a
note. Holding the Control key while 'left clicking', centers the
value to 64.
By 'clicking' on the name area of the Control Display you may
alter what it should diplay. The default value is Note On velocity.
Other possibilities are: Pitchbend, Aftertouch, Program change,
and all Controller events.
By 'clicking' the line that divides the grid and Control Display
Area and moving it left/right,  you may change the area of the
Grid/Display.

SNAP / ZOOM
To the right of the Control Display you will see some buttons.
Activating the "Snap" button will quantize the note to the current
"groove" value while moving, changing length  and inserting.
The "Zoom" values controls the display resolution of the Grid
Editor. The first value indicates the vertical resolution. The value
states how many clock ticks a pixel represents. With a bigger value
you will see more bars but it will be difficult for precise
adjustments, and vice versa.

Clicking the second value changes the horizontal resolution of the
piano editor. The value you enter is the width of the notes in
screen pixels (points on the screen). With a small value you will
see many but small notes and and with a bigger value, few but
wide.

MIDI STEP INPUT
In edit mode, it is possible to enter notes from your keyboard step
by step. To activate, 'click' on the "STEP INP" button.

The barcounter above indicates the time position for the notes to
be entered (you can change this at any time by clicking and
scrolling).

The length will be the same as the "GROOVE" value.

The counter will be incremented according to the groove value
after the key(s) are released.

Pressing [Tab] will insert a pause. Pressing [Tab] while holding
down the key(s) will lengthen the note(s). The sustain pedal
(Controller No. 64) has the same function as pressing [Tab].

In all editors you can change the groove value with [1] - [8] on the
typewriter keyboard. This way you can easily record "unplayable"
runs in no time.

"MIDI STEP INPUT" is automatically disabled when leaving the
editor (or clicking the "Step Input" button).




QUANTIZATION
The cursored/selcted event(s) can be quantized to the selected
groove value by 'clicking' the "Qua" button or pressing [Q]. This
allows you to have different quantize resolutions in a track.

Clicking the "Deq" button or pressing [Shift] + [Q] will dequantize
the cursored/selected event(s). Quantizing will use the settings in
menu function "Quantize Settings".

UNDO IN EDIT MODE
The first editing you do will save the current track into the
UNDO-buffer. Clicking the "Undo" button or pressing [Alternate]
+ [Backspace] will toggle between the original and edited track.

ACTUAL POSITION
If you work in SONG MODE and want to see the event time
position relative to the start of the arrange list, you must tick
"ACTUAL POSITION" in the "Flags" menu. If "ACTUAL
POSITION" is switched off you are viewing the events time
position relative to the start of the current pattern.

DEFINING A LEFT/RIGHT LIMIT
You can define the left and right limit for part operations by
pressing [L] and [R] on a cursored event. When entering functions
like "Modify Track", the left and right locators will be loaded with
these values. This way you can easily quantize or transpose just a
part of a track.

SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE

System Exclusive (SysEx) are special types of MIDI events that are
unique to each type of synthesizer. This means that SysEx from
one synthesizer cannot be understood by another.

A SysEx message can be of any length and consequently may take
a long time to transmit. This means you should have your SysEx
events before the music starts and not inside your songs.

With SWEET SIXTEEN you have the possibility to record and
playback SysEx messages. You may "dump" sounds, patches or
the whole memory of your synthesizers into SWEET SIXTEEN
(please read your synthesizer manual for more info on Bulk
Dump).

It is possible to edit short SysEx messages in SWEET SIXTEEN.

If your main purpose is to recall desired voice numbers (patches),
you should use program change events or the Mixer, not SysEx.

To RECORD SysEx into SWEET SIXTEEN, do it like this:
1. Check that SWEET SIXTTEN does not filter out incomming
Sys Ex (Input Filter in Overall Settings).
2. Click on the "Record" icon.
3. Send SysEx from your synthesizer - read your synthesizer
manual.
4. Arrange for the SysEx events to be read before the start of your
song, OR, save this Sysex as a separate track.

To TRANSMIT SysEx back to your Synthesizer, do like this:
1. Load your song or SysEx track into SWEET SIXTEEN.
2. Enable SysEx receive on your synthesizer.
3. Start playback.


SYNCHRONIZATION

Synchronization means that you can lock together two (or more)
devices so that they follow each other exactly. One device will be
the "Master", i.e. lead the process and the other will be the
"Slave". Synchronization in SWEET SIXTEEN is done with MIDI
Clock messages that are sent from the "Master" to the "Slave".

In the Options Menu you'll see an item labelled
"Synchronization". It has two modes, Internal and External Sync
Mode.

In Internal Sync Mode SWEET SIXTEEN will be the master. For
SWEET SIXTEEN to send out sync pulses you must activate
"Clock Out" in the Flags menu. SWEET SIXTEEN is now able to
control other MIDI devices, e.g. Drum Machines, Data Filers,
MIDI File Players. It will also send the following MIDI messages:
Start, Stop and Continue. However if your main purpose is to
access the sounds in the drum machine, it's better to record the
drum notes as MIDI events than synchronize the two devices
together.

In External Sync Mode SWEET SIXTEEN will be the slave and
follow the "master". SWEET SIXTEEN will respond to the
following MIDI messages: Start, Stop and Continue messages,
MIDI Clock pulses that control the TEMPO and SONG
POSITION POINTERS that tell the exact position to start from. In
spite of the low resolution of MIDI Clock pulses (24 PPQ) SWEET
SIXTEEN is able to keep it's own high resolution (192 PPQ) even
in External; Sync Mode, by using something called "Interpolation
between Clock Pulses".

To be able to synchronize SWEET SIXTEEN to a tape recorder
you'll need a device called a "SYNCHRONIZER". This device is
able to translate MIDI information into analogue signals that can
be recorded on tape. One example of such a device is the
JLCooper PPS-1. With this device you can control SWEET
SIXTEEN (slave) from a tape recorder (master).

It's also possible to do recordings in External Sync Mode. Just
click on the "Drop In/Out" icon to enter Record Mode. SWEET
SIXTEEN will start the recording when it gets a Start or Continue
command.



THE MIXER

The Mixer allows you to generate, transmit, record or display
certain kinds of MIDI data. Volume message (control change 7),
Pan message (control change 10), Reverb message (control change
91), Chorus message (control change 93) and Program change all
have their own controls in the Mixer.
The Mixer contains 16 channels, one for each MIDI Channel. Each
channel contains a number of controls. To transmit MIDI data,
'click' on a control (for the Volume control, move the mouse up or
down, for the Pan control, move the mouse up/down or left/right).
In record mode, the data generated by the controls will be recorded
to the current track.
The numbers 1-16 correspond to MIDI Channels 1-16, not track
numbers!


When recording mixer movements which contains more than one
MIDI channel, you must set the track's channel to -- (no
rechannelization) so the same channels are played back. If only
one MIDI channel is recorded the track's channel can be assigned
to that channel or left at --.
Try to keep the data recorded from the Mixer separated to it's own
track. It's of course possible to keep the data from the Mixer on
the same track as any other MIDI data. In Song Mode you may use
a track(s) in pattern 17 which run in parallel to the other patterns.
If you are not satisfied with a recording made inside the Mixer,
you may use the UNDO function. You can also delete data on
certain MIDI channels with menu item 'Delete Events',
keycommand [D].
Since SWEET SIXTEEN is able to send the MIDI data to two
different ports (A and B), the Mixer also have a setting for the port
(A or B). The data generated will be recorded to the current track
which means you can not record MIDI data for port B to a track
that is assigned to port A or vice versa.
Holding down the alternate key on the computer keyboard while
moving a Volume control will move all Volume controls at the
same time.
Holding down the control key on the computer keyboard will set
the control on that channel to it's default position (not Program).

You may group several Volume faders by 'clicking' the channel
number boxes (the colour of the box becomes inverted) below the
Volume faders. Moving one of the faders in the group will move
the whole group. If a fader reaches it's upper or lower limit before
the others, it will remember it's off-screen value, so the relative
mix between the faders stays the same. Holding down the shiftkey
on the computer keyboard allows you to move a Volume control
within a group without affecting the others.

In addition to sending data via MIDI Out, the mixer also responds
to data arriving at MIDI In and to data contained in a song. The
controls move in response to the same messages they are capable
of sending, so the Volume faders move in response to MIDI
Volume data and so on.

Menu item 'Chase Events' which sends the current values of
controllers and program via MIDI, also updates the positions of
the mixer controls.

The input filter settings in 'Overall Settings' will also affect what is
recorded from the Mixer. Check that program and controll
changes are not filtered out.

You may store four different Mixer settings or Snapshots (1 to 4)
by 'clicking' on the "Store" button. These will be saved with your
song. If you 'click' on the "Recall" button one of the four
Snapshots will be recalled and sent via MIDI. If you are recording,
these settings will be also recorded. This means a 'Snapshot' of the
current setting can be recorded. It is a good way of storing the
Volumes and Pans etc. of a song once you have set them up.

Remember! If you do not record your settings to a track, you must
store them as a Snapshot.
 

UNDO

The Undo function allows you to cancel the latest change you have
made to a track. If you, by mistake, delete a track, record over a
track etc, you can get the track back as it was before the change by
'clicking' the "Undo" icon, keycommand [Alt] + [Backspace].
Another useful feature is that you can also toggle between the old
and new versions for direct comparison.
The UNDO function will not work if the alteration involves more
than one track, eg "Mixdown", "Merge" etc.




This is the end of the disk manual. The full version of the program includes
a complete printed manual descibing all functions of SWEET SIXTEEN.



The full version of the program is $49.95 and 
includes a 50 pages printed manual.


RONI MUSIC
Nybogatan 21
S-212 32  Malmoe
SWEDEN

phone: int + 46-40494411


e-mail roni@mbox317.swipnet.se
Home Page URL http://home1.swipnet.se/~w-11396

If you live in England, please contact Hands On MIDI Software.

"Hands On" MIDI Software Ltd.
11 Warfield Avenue
Waterlooville
Hampshire PO7 7JN
ENGLAND
phone: (0705) 783100


SWEET SIXTEEN is also available for PC/Windows!
